起動(dòng)電機(jī)故障的應(yīng)急解決辦法
Emergency Solution to Starter Motor Failure
遇到蓄電池沒有電或者起動(dòng)電機(jī)出現(xiàn)故障的情況，這時(shí)候就需要采取應(yīng)急起動(dòng)。
Emergency start-up is needed when battery is not electrified or starter motor fails.
推車起動(dòng)是大家最熟悉也是最有效的應(yīng)急起動(dòng)方法，但這是一種不得己的手段，不能經(jīng)常使用，因?yàn)檫@樣做對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和離合器有一定的損傷，自動(dòng)擋車輛尤其要避免使用此方法起動(dòng)。推車起動(dòng)一般需要兩個(gè)人以上，如果只有司機(jī)一人就難以實(shí)施起動(dòng)。
Bullet starting is the most familiar and effective emergency starting method, but it is a must-have means and can not be used frequently, because it has certain damage to the engine and clutch, especially to avoid the use of this method to start auto-stop vehicles. It usually takes more than two people to start a cart. It is difficult to start a cart if only one driver is involved.
注意安全
Caution!
首先要觀察車輛停放位置的路況是否適合推車起動(dòng)，可以借助下坡路提高車速，如果車前方是上坡路，那么向前推車會(huì)很累，車速也很難提高，所以應(yīng)該調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)車頭向下坡方向推車。盡量不要在車輛和行人多的路段推車起動(dòng)，以免車輛起動(dòng)后駕駛者應(yīng)變不當(dāng)出現(xiàn)意外。
First of all, we should observe whether the parking position of the vehicle is suitable for the starting of the cart. We can use the downhill road to increase the speed. If the front of the car is on the uphill road, the cart will be very tired and the speed will be difficult to improve. Therefore, we should turn the head of the cart to the downhill direction. As far as possible, don't start the cart in the section with many vehicles and pedestrians, in order to avoid the driver's inappropriate response to accidents after starting the car.
慢慢停車
Slow parking
車輛推動(dòng)之前應(yīng)打開點(diǎn)火開關(guān)，達(dá)到相當(dāng)車速后，將變速器掛入2擋，然后迅速松開離合器踏板并加油。引擎一旦起動(dòng)，應(yīng)迅速踩下離合器踏板，同時(shí)控制油門，不讓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火，然后慢慢停車。當(dāng)蓄電池電量不足時(shí)，可以采用這種方法應(yīng)急起動(dòng)。
The ignition switch should be turned on before the vehicle is propelled. After reaching a comparable speed, the transmission should be put into gear 2, and then the clutch pedal should be loosened quickly and refueled. Once the engine starts, it should quickly step on the clutch pedal and control the throttle, so as not to let the engine stall, and then slowly stop. When the battery power is insufficient, this method can be used for emergency start-up.
將兩輛車靠近，直到跨接電纜足夠連接兩塊蓄電池的正負(fù)極。要注意確保兩輛車沒有接觸，只允許使用具有足夠的承載能力且?guī)Ы^緣外皮的電纜。如果提供電源的蓄電池在車輛上的安裝位置不方便直接進(jìn)行跨接，則必須使用工具將蓄電池拆下。
Close the two cars until the cable is enough to connect the positive and negative electrodes of the two batteries. Care should be taken to ensure that the two vehicles are not in contact, and only cable with sufficient load-carrying capacity and insulated skin is allowed to be used. If the installation position of the battery providing power on the vehicle is inconvenient for direct connection, the battery must be removed by means of tools.
確定兩塊蓄電池的正極和負(fù)極，使用電纜將正極與正極、負(fù)極與負(fù)極分別連起來(lái)。要注意蓄電池的正負(fù)極一定不要搞錯(cuò)，而且要保證電纜的可靠連接。布置好電纜的走向，防止起動(dòng)時(shí)電纜與膠帶或風(fēng)扇刮蹭。關(guān)閉車上所有附屬用電設(shè)備，起動(dòng)提供電源的蓄電池所在的車輛，使其發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)幾分鐘以保證電量充足。然后按正常方式起動(dòng)無(wú)電車輛，起動(dòng)后應(yīng)輕踩加速踏板，使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)以2000r／min的轉(zhuǎn)速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)幾分鐘。
Determine the positive and negative poles of two batteries. Connect the positive and negative poles with cables respectively. Attention should be paid to the positive and negative poles of the accumulator, which must not be mistaken, and the reliable connection of the cable should be ensured. Arrange the cable direction to prevent the cable from scratching with tape or fan when starting. Turn off all ancillary electrical equipment on the vehicle and start the vehicle where the battery provides power, so that its engine runs for a few minutes to ensure sufficient electricity. Then start the non-electric vehicle in the normal way. After starting, the acceleration pedal should be slightly pressed to make the engine run at the speed of 2000 r/min for several minutes.
關(guān)閉兩輛車的點(diǎn)火開關(guān)，小心拆除電纜，注意避免正負(fù)極電纜接頭相碰。
Close the ignition switch of the two vehicles, remove the cable carefully, and avoid the collision between the positive and negative cable joints.
牽引起動(dòng)的方法與原理與推車起動(dòng)大同小異，不同的是用車牽引往往省力省事得多。
The method and principle of traction starting are much the same as that of cart starting. The difference is that traction by cart often saves much effort and labor.
使用長(zhǎng)度適當(dāng)?shù)臓恳K，并將兩頭捆扎結(jié)實(shí)。
Use appropriate length of traction rope and tie both ends firmly.
在牽引前，前后車駕駛員應(yīng)先確定好聯(lián)絡(luò)信號(hào)，例如起步和停車是鳴笛示意還是打手勢(shì)示意，以便協(xié)調(diào)配合。
Before traction, the front and rear drivers should first determine the contact signals, such as starting and stopping signal whistle or gesture, in order to coordinate.
應(yīng)慢速起步。前車駕駛員除應(yīng)注意后車動(dòng)向外，還應(yīng)隨時(shí)注意路面上的交通狀況。
Start slowly. In addition to the outward movement of the rear car, the driver of the front car should pay attention to the traffic conditions on the road at all times.
